Citizenship opportunities within 14-19 developments

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Citizenship is a high priority for the government and 14–19 programmes offer
major opportunities for learning through citizenship and for citizenship. But maximising these opportunities depends on developing and sharing understanding of citizenship and effective practice – how citizenship concepts, processes, skills and knowledge can be developed and enhance learning in the various initiatives. Professional development will be crucial.

The White Paper, 14–19 Education and Skills (DfES, February 2005), sets out the government’s 14–19 reform agenda and highlighted the importance of citizenship:

'... we need to be confident that everyone leaving education is equipped to be an informed, responsible, active citizen. In an ever more complex, interdependent world, where an engaged population is crucial to the health of our society, we continue to put citizenship at its heart too...’ (3.17 DfES 2005)

Citizenship encourages young people to express their views and participate in decision making: to ‘have a voice’ and become involved in developing personalised learning and young people’s services.

Citizenship and 14-19 developments: quick guides

A series of expert seminars were held to inform the writing of some of the quick guides to 14-19 developments below.

1. Overview of 14–19 developments

2. Personalisation, learner voice and citizenship

3. Building on key stage 4 citizenship

4. Citizenship and Every Child Matters

5. New citizenship qualifications

6. Citizenship through Extended Projects

7. Key skills and functional skills through citizenship

8. Citizenship and personal, learning and thinking skills (PLTS)

9. Citizenship through Entry level programmes

10. Citizenship, social enterprise and Diplomas 

11. Citizenship and employability 

12. Citizenship and community cohesion 

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Examples of 14–19 developments of particular relevance to citizenship

14–19 Diplomas

The diploma is a new programme covering a range of generic and sector-specific skills in which there are many opportunities for citizenship learning. There are five lines of learning being piloted from September 2008: Construction and the Built Environment; Engineering; Society, Health and Development; Creative and Media; and IT.

The next five lines to be piloted from September 2009 are: Land-based and Environmental; Manufacturing & Product Design; Hair & Beauty Studies; Business Administration & Finance; Hospitality & Catering. The final four lines to be piloted from September 2010 are: Public Services; Sport & Leisure; Retail; Travel & Tourism.

There will be an entitlement for every young person to pursue any one Diploma in 2013. Specifications for Principal Learning and projects at Foundation, Higher and Advanced levels are available published for first five lines.

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Revised secondary curriculum

All new programmes of study (for teaching from September 2008) are now structured in a common format. The headings include: curriculum aims; the importance of the subject; key concepts (for citizenship – democracy and justice, rights and responsibilities, identities and diversity: living together in the UK); key processes (for citizenship – critical thinking and enquiry; advocacy and representation; taking informed and responsible action); range and content and curriculum opportunities.

Case studies on the QCA website illustrate how different schools have interpreted the curriculum within the context of their own setting and to meet the needs of their learners. They show learners and teachers trying out ideas and sharing their experiences and insights. All the schools involved organised their own learning activities and undertook appropriate checks to meet health and safety requirements. Over time, more case studies and films will be added to help share the excitement and the potential of the curriculum.

QCA is also developing curriculum programmes using the same format for the 14–19 Diplomas. These programmes include references to citizenship opportunities.

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New citizenship qualifications

In addition to the existing short course, a full GCSE in Citizenship Studies has been developed to reflect the revised key stage 4 programme of study. There is also a new GCE (AS and A2) in Citizenship Studies. Assessment is by written exam papers, but for unit 2, candidates must keep and bring to the exam a completed active citizenship profile to use for analysis and evaluation of own evidence and reflection in relation to set questions. See GCE specification available from AQA.

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Functional skills

Diploma consortia have nominated up to six centres to be involved in the piloting of functional English, functional maths and functional ICT. Other centres will also be involved.

Personal, learning and thinking skills (PLTS)

QCA has developed a single framework for all 11–19 learners comprising six skill groups: independent enquirers; creative thinkers; reflective learners; team workers; self managers; effective participators (particularly relevant to citizenship). National Pilot started September 2007. View the framework. See also research on PLTS.

In addition to our quick guide above you may also be interested in Getting ahead with PLTS – Lessons from the wider key skills

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Extended Project

Level 3 is currently being piloted (2006–2008) by Edexcel and AQA, with City & Guilds. The pilot specifications have four assessment objectives: manage; use resources; develop and realise; review. Project types include dissertation, field study/investigation, performance and artefact. Any type can include citizenship. Projects at levels 1 and 2 are being piloted during 2007 for the first exam in 2009. These will also be free-standing qualifications and a compulsory part of the Diplomas. As for level 3, there are the same four assessment objectives.

See also A case for action? Skills for active citizenship research.

Foundation Learning Tier

The development work of QCA and the LSC includes: principles and guidance for the design of learning programmes; programme content which is creditbased units and qualifications at Entry Level and Level 1; introduction of progression pathways to Level 2; and guidance to support implementation. Provision will include vocational/subject-based learning, key and basic skills, and personal and social development, all of which offer opportunities for citizenship learning and achievement. Preparation for implementation begins in September 2007; full implementation by 2010.

Professional development

A directory of information on workforce support across 11–19 school and FE reforms is available online from DCSF 14-19 website.

Links to relevant articles from Citizenship News

View, download or print articles which relate to 14-19 developments.

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